Gender disparity in work participation a study of fishermen community in Kerala

Abstract

The study titled ‘Gender Disparity in Work Participation: A Study of Fishermen Community in Kerala’ explores gender disparity in work participation among the fishermen community in the coastal districts of Malappuram and Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala. The research focuses on examining the socioeconomic characteristics of fisherfolk households, identifying the determinants and constraints of female work participation, assessing the extent of gender disparity and evaluating the awareness and utilisation of government support programmes by fisherwomen. Findings reveal that most households face economic vulnerability with limited access to modern amenities and a high incidence of debt. Female work participation is relatively low, with notable regional and religious differences. Women are concentrated in informal and low-paying jobs and face barriers such as domestic responsibilities, health issues, limited mobility and lack of awareness about welfare schemes. Educational attainment, family structure, religious affiliation and regional infrastructure considerably influence their work status. Gender-based discrimination in wages, job opportunities, and household decision-making remains evident. The study finds that despite moderate awareness, the utilisation of government programmes among fisherwomen remains low due to challenges in accessibility and delivery. Factors such as education, location and community involvement significantly influence awareness and engagement. While participation and satisfaction with schemes did not directly impact employment. Further, awareness emerged as a crucial determinant of work participation. Therefore, effective economic empowerment requires not just the provision of schemes but also targeted efforts to improve grassroots-level awareness and access. Based on the insights derived from the study, policy interventions are suggested with a focus on improving education, cnhancing skill development, expanding access to employment, and strengthening information dissemination to reduce gender disparity and improve the socio-cconomic status of fisherwomen in Kerala,