Rehabilitation and human capaability formation of schedulded tribes in Kerala : a study on pookot dairy project

Abstract

The present study focuses on the aftermath of rehabilitation on the development of human capabilities among the scheduled tribes. In light of this, the study specifically, directs its attention towards the Pookot Dairy Project, a notable rehabilitation initiative executed in the Wayanad District during the year 1979. In order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the implications of rehabilitation, study sought to elucidate the pre and post-migration experiences of tribes who were rehabilitated to the region of Pookot. To accomplish this objective, personal interviews and focus group discussions were conducted, primarily with members of the initial generation of migrants. The effects of rehabilitation on the development of human capabilities are analyzed through the household interview schedule which assess multiple dimensions of human capabilities, including income, health, education, social network, political participation, basic infrastructural facilities, and asset ownerships. The significance of governmental involvement assumes a paramount position in the comprehensive examination of the ramifications of rehabilitation. In order to analyse the assistance rendered by the institutions, (STDD and LSGIs) both secondary and primary data sources are employed. When compared to the pre-rehabilitation era, the rehabilitation initiatives have undeniably resulted in major advances in infrastructure facilities, employment opportunities, income levels, education, health, social networks, and political participation of tribal people. However, it is clear that there are inter community differences. Employment opportunities provided in KVASU have improved the employment status and income of certain households from marginalised communities such as Paniyas, Kattunaikas, and Urali Kurumas. These gains, however, have not been reflected in their educational attainment, health outcomes, or levels of democratic involvement. This is mostly due to policies that place a premium on meeting basic needs, with the state acting as a "nanny state" while failing to promote the development of human capabilities among marginalised communities. Even in terms of meeting the settlement's basic needs, government attempts have proven ineffectual.